The Diversity Of The Caribbean - 881 Words

To accomplish some task, it is best to work as a team to get things done in a timely manner. That is always my expectation from a group which can be challenging because everyone has their own expectations and priorities. Although, teamwork is a skill that is needed in the workforce not everyone has mastered this skill. I had the pleasure recently to be part of a group, not everyone work as a team, I am not aware of the reasons but was satisfied with some of the outcome. The Caribbean Spices was comprised of four females from diverse backgrounds Bahamas, Cuba, Haiti, and Jamaica. Diversity is not always just about the background but is anything uniquely different between human beings. Our diversity includes physical appearance, religious belief, race, opinions, thoughts and the impact we are making on society and the environment we desire to work in as upcoming social workers. Our group was form not because we knew each other from previous classes, but from the proximity of our seats to each other. Throughout this group member are learning what to do, how the group will operate, what is expected from each other, and what is acceptable and not. We were all motivated to achieve the goals and overcome any hurdles that might arise I did not experience all stages within the group development and different roles that were to take place. The group came together on the 20 of January we collectively created a contract that each member signed and agree to not everyone adhere to. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Conventional Narrative Accounting For The Demographic Diversity Of The Caribbean1567 Words   |  7 PagesThe conventional narrative accounting for the demographic diversity of the Caribbean asserts that after the ‘discovery’ of the islands by Columbus, disease and maltreatment by Spaniards decimated the Indigenous populations. The assumed extinction of these Indigenous populations necessitated the securing of a new supply of manual labour capable of surviving in the tropics and working the newly established plantations and mines. This supply started with European migrants at first, but soon turned toRead MoreEssay about Challenges of Caribbean Society in Achieving National Unity886 Words   |  4 Page sChallenges of Caribbean Society in Achieving National Unity There have been many attempts for the Caribbean nations to come together as one, leading to national unity in the region. Some attempts at unity include: Federation, CARICOM (Caribbean Community), CARIFTA (Caribbean Free Trade Association), CDB (Caribbean Development Bank), UWI (University of the West Indies), CXC (Caribbean Examinations Council), and recently CSME (Caribbean Single Market and Economy), whichRead MorePlantation Society and Creole Society Essay example793 Words   |  4 PagesSociety and Creole Society There is a vast range of cultural diversity in the Caribbean today. In this paper, I would be discussing the similarities and differences found between the plantation society model and the Creole society model. The plantation model was developed in the late 1960’s. According to the book Mustapha (2009), the plantation system played a dominant role in the economic, social, political and cultural life of the Caribbean. George Beckford (1972) saw the plantation system as a totalRead MoreNuclear Family: Definition, Advantages Disadvantages993 Words   |  4 Pagesthere’s many more factors causing more family diversity and how this means the nuclear family isn’t necessarily the norm and that this diversity represents a greater freedom of choice and acceptance of cultures. For example cultural diversity, they say is that different cultures, religions and ethnic groups all have different structures living in the UK, an example of this would be Indian ethnic groups being a largely extended family and African-Caribbean households are mainly headed by women. TheyRead MoreSocial Stratification864 Words   |  4 PagesSOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND SOCIAL MOBILITY IN THE CARIBBEAN Presenter Ms. N. Lewis What is social Stratification? ï  ¬ This refers to the ranking of social groups according to one or more criteria deemed important to society. ï  ¬ The ranking indicates that some groups have more and others have less of what society values- for example, money, power and prestige. Types of stratification Systems There are two types of stratification systems: 1. Closed system of stratification 2. Open system of stratificationRead MoreThe World Cup Of The Middle Of A Crowd Singing1628 Words   |  7 Pagesnight at ten o’clock, I find myself in the middle of a crowd singing these lyrics at the top of my lungs. Comfortable vibes, nice music, and people from all over Broward and Miami-Dade County, gather at Runway Doral to represent their beautiful Caribbean nationalities. As I dance to the soca music and sing along to Popcaan’s â€Å"World Cup†, I always find myself appreciating my culture more than ever before. With my hands in the air, and my mind far from reality, I begin to realize that this is whereRead MoreDoes the Caribbean Contribute to the Americanization of Its Media?1336 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Do you believe Caribbean Media are victims or causal factors of the Americanization of Caribbean Culture?† There has been an ongoing debate as to whether The Americanization phenomenon, has been perpetuated by the media across the Caribbean. It must be stated, that the Americanization phenomenon, can be synonymous with Globalisation. Hence it very pertinent to the discussion, to first defines the denotative meaning of the term Globalisation. (Dr.Maria Alfaro) defines Globalisation as: â€Å"ARead MoreAn Unethical Behavior Among Its Nursing Staff1404 Words   |  6 Pageswas normally a language barrier. The unit nursing population is made up of 75% black, Caribbean Island nurses who were educated under the British education system. These nurses tend to be very religious. They bring their bibles to work, read and discuss biblical views with patients and other co-workers, and request Sundays off to attend church. Nurse Karen is an example of the deeply religious black, Caribbean Island nurse. Karen refuses to take care of patients with a history of abortion, whichRead MoreDoes the C aribbean Contribute to the Americanization of Its Media?1322 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Do you believe Caribbean Media are victims or causal factors of the Americanization of Caribbean Culture?† There has been an ongoing debate as to whether The Americanization phenomenon, has been perpetuated by the media across the Caribbean. It must be stated, that the Americanization phenomenon, can be synonymous with Globalisation. Hence it very pertinent to the discussion, to first defines the denotative meaning of the term Globalisation. (Dr.Maria Alfaro) defines Globalisation as: â€Å"ARead MoreThe Castle Of My Skin994 Words   |  4 Pagesunderlines the diverse nature of the Caribbean experience. The Antilles were, and are to this day, a region defined by its ethnic and cultural diversity. Due to the multiplicity of experiences which define the region, any singular narrative attempting to portray even one village would be overly simplistic as a result of the singular narrative which define most traditional novel. As such, Lamming utilizing different narrative and form to reflect the always changing diversity of the Barbados. As such, it is

Essay on Can Pedophiles Be Cured - 2642 Words

Have you ever asked the question, how we know if a pedophile or sex offender can ever be cured or rehabilitated. Would I be comfortable with them living in my neighborhood? If you have you are just like the rest of the world. Pedophilia is a true illness, and not just in my opinion it also in the DSMIV 302.2. We may never truly be comfortable with the thought that researchers say Pedophiles can not be cured, but they can be rehabilitated in time with and they have test to prove it, Pedophilia is a medical diagnosis, which is defined as a psychiatric disorder in adults or older adolescents, ranging from ages 16 and older. Pedophilia is characterized by a primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent†¦show more content†¦Dr. Herbert Wagemaker also stated that pedophilia generally runs in families. Boys who are molested often molest boys when they grow up. The question was asked (Do they molest because they were molested or because they have a genetic sexual orientation toward children?) Research and statistic show that most pedophiles are men; however there are some women that have been diagnosed with this disorder. There has been no real cure for pedophilia, but there have been several assessments created to measure the risk of a pedophile if released back into the community, or if rehabilitation has been achieved. The test includes, but not limited to the Penile Plethysmograph, Pedophile grooming assessment and arousal reconditioning. The Penile Plethysmograph (PPG) is a controversial type of plethysmograph that measures changes in blood flow in the penis in response to audio and, or visual stimuli. The PPG is typically used to determine the level of sexual arousal as the subject is exposed to sexually suggestive content, such as photos, movies or audio. The original PPG device was developed by researcher Kurt Freund in Czechoslovakia during the 1950s. The motivation for its development was to prevent draft dodgers from claiming that they were homosexual in order to avoid military service. The original plethysmograph has an approximate 80 year history. As far back as 1908, a type of plethysmograph was used to check theShow MoreRelatedPedophilia Is An Increase Sense The New Age Of Technology1648 Words   |  7 Pagesfamily members. The person normally does not become violent and only wants to complete the sexual act. Furthermore, the molester does not think that he or she is forcing the child to do anything. Most pedophiles are adolescent men and are heterosexual which is contrary to popular beliefs. Pedophiles normally start out by thinking and fantasizing about sexual interaction, then they move on to touching, and finally some take part in intercourse but not always. Pedophilic disorder normally lasts a lifeRead MoreThe Uprising Question Here Is Why Are Individuals ( Mostly Men ) Sexually Attracted?1054 Words   |  5 Pagesreported in order to get help for those who are being affected by this. Society seems to bring a misconception with this term. This can be explained as the word pedophile being used as a label for those who are child molesters, sex offenders, perpetrators, rapists, abusers, or any other type of sexual offenses. This may create great confusion for us because the term pedophile is more exclusive in a way that it involves sexual encounters with only those of preadolescent ages. People who suffer from thisRead MoreWhy Are People Sexually Attracted? Children?1926 Words   |  8 Pagessexually attracted to children? Introduction A great many people envision pedophiles as monstrous old men wearing trench coats, stowing away in the brambles, holding up to grab youthful youngsters off the road. Be that as it may, late TV programs, for example, To Catch a Predator, have uncovered pedophiles as nearby neighbors, trusted companions, ministry, sitters, educators, and even relatives. Originations about pedophiles have been evolving quickly, and pedophilia has as of late turned into a subjectRead MoreThe On Willy Wonk Confectioner Or Pedophile1882 Words   |  8 PagesAmanda Oliver Professor William Dever English 112 27 October 2016 Willy Wonka: Confectioner or Pedophile â€Å"Empty space eventually fills up with something. A void, cultivated in the aftermath of misfortune, begins to attract the wrong kind of attention.† Rahma Krambo, Guardian Cats and the Lost Books of Alexandria It can be inferred from modern technology and studies that maltreatment during childhood can lead to detrimental effects such as depression as well as impaired cognitive and socio-emotionalRead MoreVisual Communication : Homosexuality And Realism1633 Words   |  7 PagesVisual Communication Homosexuality (and realism in art) Anissha Govind 15CGA01 Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Design at INSCAPE EDUCATION GROUP Cape Town Lecturer: Carol Gainer  Homosexuality can be defined, according to dictionary.com, as â€Å"sexual desire or behaviour directed toward a person or persons of one s own sex.† 6 (DON’T USE FOOTNOTES!) and is seen as a form of sexuality 15 (DON’T USE FOOTNOTES!). Homosexual males are often referredRead MoreCambodia: A Place of Countless Struggles1545 Words   |  6 Pages They specifically targeted Buddhists, ethnic groups and those who were educated in society (Chigas and Mosyakov). The genocide was short lived but it had long-lasting effects, leaving Cambodia in a frenzy of poverty and disease. In 2014, Cambodia can still feel aftershocks of this terrible occurrence, and it contributes to the rising sexual trafficking and exploitation seen across the country. Because of the poverty and ruin the genocide left Cambodia in, families still struggle to make ends meetRead MoreCapitalism Is Not Only Brings Out The Worst1726 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence inherent in any symbolic order, a discu ssion of violence must precede its effects. It is easy to observe what I will call ‘subjective’ violence; however, doing so taints an ‘objective’ assessment. By subjective violence, I mean acts that we can describe as breaking the status quo or utterly unacceptable; spewing a spit ball, punching a friend, engaging in armed conflict, and so on. Objective violence is the status quo, or systemic acts maintaining the existing order; profit schemes enablingRead MoreCurse: A Short Story Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesold witches and everyone else who might be able to help him. His search was pointless. He felt he cant trust most of those people and those few who he thought he could trust either told him they dont know anything about it or that it cant be cured. Then, as it usually happens, he turned to rumors, legends and myths. Those led him all around the land in his desperate search. Search which came up with nothing. He felt defeated, crushed. All those emotions he didnt know how to handle startedRead MoreHuman Sexuality and Sex4603 Words   |  19 Pagesas some prefer to call themselves- maintain a deep and caring emotional bond with their non-human partners 16. 17.~The animal side: consent and understanding~ 18. 19.The foremost considered issue when considering bestiality is that of consent. Can an animal consent? Popular wisdom says no. Before determining whether they may consent however, one must consider what consent is and what it means. 20. 21.Consent, most essentially and basically, is agreeing to participate in an action, or to haveRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Movement Of Men, Women,1995 Words   |  8 Pagesinto the hands of traffickers, in that person’s country or abroad. The penalty can be up to 10 years to life depending on the severity of the offense or case. Some forms of sex trafficking are more visible than others such as street prostitution. Although most types go unseen, for example, unmarked brothels in unsuspected places, most reasons for people, mainly men, to start human trafficking is because in some areas it can produce a good profit because opportunities for education and legitimate employment

2 Xtreme Essay Example For Students

2 Xtreme Essay Tricks to try!:Snowboard Triangle, Square, X, OMountain bikeX, square, triangle, OX, O, Square, TriangleSkateboardTriangle, X, Square, OIn-line skate O, Square, X, TriangleAce Combat 2You can do anything you want!:Music TestComplete the game with a rank higher than First Lieutenant. A selection for music player mode will appear in the options menu. Press L1 or L2 to jump to the next track, R1 or R2 to jump to the previous track, Circle to select a track, Select to toggle the screen, and Square, Triangle, or X to quit. Free Mission ModeComplete the Kingpin mission. A Free Mission option that allows any mission to be played will appear at the opening menu. View All AircraftComplete the game with a rank of General. Lock Replay ViewHold Square during a replay to lock the camera. Alternate Mission Map ViewHighlight the Mission option on the mission selection screen, and press Select. XFA-27 FighterComplete the game under normal difficulty. Play the game again under hard difficulty and rea ch the low altitude surprise attack mission (Dead End). Locate and destroy the four YF-23As in the special Fox Force Four squadron south of the target. A medal and the XFA-27 will be awarded on the debriefing screen. Adidas Power SoccerThe #1 Team, that rocks all:In the options menu Press: L2 , R2 , Square, X Advanced soccer techniques:These moves should help you tremendously during a soccer match: Legend:T = TriangleS = SquareO = CircleX = XBack Flick: O + TBack Heel: S + X Power Shot: T + X Pull Shirt: T + O (defense only) Karate Kick: S + X (defense only)Two-Handed Push: T + X (defending)Female Commentator:Go to arcade mode, highlight the commentator option, and press the Circle and Square. Adventures of LomaxAllows for players to skip levels:Press: Down, Start, Up (PRESS HOLD), Left 1 (PRESS HOLD),Triangle Circle, X, Square. A number should have appeared to the left of Lomax). Now to skip a level (PRESS HOLD) to skip a level: UP, Left 1, SELECT START. You can now enable the Cheater Chopper cheat! Take flight at will:You can only access this code after youve accomplished the Level Skip Cheat. Once in Helicopter Mode: Select the chopper, then press LEFT 1 ; SQUARE to fly around the levels. Andretti RacingBring up a menu of secret options for modifying your car on the fly:While racing, pause game, and select race strategy. Now press and hold L1+L2+R1+R2+X+O+Select. Armored CoreDifferent camera views:Fixed Camera:You can switch to a fixed camera angle by pressing Circle + X + Start. Mech View:To switch to first-person view during play, press Triangle + Square + Start at thesame time then unpause the game. To return to third-person view,just pause the game then unpause it. Auto DestructLevel Codes:2nd level: gSMTkJBVm3rd level: gSMTJfYsZ4th level: gqBJCkLmv5th level: gvBKYgfNv6th level: fnFKgdHNr7th level: fnFKfdHNf8th Level: fnBVgqHNrlast level: rrJTfSFTrActivate Blood mode, Angel mode, and tons of other cheats.:During play, pause the game and press Up, Do wn, Left, Right, Down, Right, L1, R1, R1 to gain access the Cheat Menu. Fromthere input any one of the following codes for the desired effect. Blood Mode: Press L1, Down, R1, Left, L1, Right, R1Angel Mode: Activate Blood Mode, then press Up, R1, Down, L1, Up, Left, R1, Right, L1. Extra Tune: Press DOWN, L1, L1, O, O, R1, UP, SQUARE, L1 Invulnerability: Press L1, L1, L1, L1, LEFT, O, O, SQUARE, L1 Next Mission: Press L1, RIGHT, DOWN, LEFT, UP, R1 Tune Up Menu: Press L1, R1, L1, UP, DOWN, O, DOWN, RIGHT, LEFT, SQUARE, R1Car Select (from Tune Up menu): Press LEFT, R1, RIGHT, R1, LEFT, R1, RIGHT, R1 All Time Trials: Press R1, L1, O, LEFT, O, O, RIGHT, L1, O Mission Select: Press UP, DOWN, O, L1, R1, L1, O, UP, DOWN More Cash: Press L1, R1, UP, O, DOWN, SQUARE, LEFT, R1, L1 More Nitros: Press L1, O, DOWN, L1, UP, SQUARE, O, R1 Infinite Fuel: Press L1, O, RIGHT, L1, O, R1, L1, UP, R1, DOWNAzure DreamsLife Replenish:Go to any corner and press Triangle + Circle repeatedly until your up to full power!Ballblazer ChampionsShrinking Rotofoil (happy face code), and Master Dome Level Select:Abbreviations: S = squareT = triangleO = circleX = easy to figure out!L1, L2, R1, R2 = see aboveShrinking Rotofoil:In the password screen enter:X O X X O XX X X X X XX X T T X XS X X X X SX S S S S X(Note: the code resembles a smiling face!!) To jump to the Master Dome stadium in the tournament, with the difficulty on Easy, and with 1 previous loss on your record, enter:O L1 L1 R1 R2 L2X S S R1 R2 R1R2 T L2 R1 L2 OL2 R2 R1 X L1 R2S L2 R1 X R1 R1BattlestationsLevel skip code.:Level SkipBegin game play in single player mode. Hold L1 + L2 + R1 + R2 + Select and press Start + X. Battle Arena Toshinden 3Secret characters and other tricks.:Random Select Hold L1 + L2 + R1 + R2 at the character select. Press Square, Triangle, X, or Circle while selection box is moving. Remove DisplayPause a fight. Hold Circle + Triangle + Square + X and press Select. This removes the continue, options and reset selections. While continuing to hold the four buttons, press Select again. This removes the Life and Over Drive bars. To return the display to normal, repeat the code while pressing Select once. Play as Sub-bossesBeat the game with each basic character at level three or higher to u nlock his or her sub-boss. Play as ShouUnlock all the sub-bosses, then beat the game with Vermilion at level three or higher. Play as AbelBeat the game with Shou at level seven. Play as VeilBeat the game with Abel at level seven. Play as NaruBeat the game with Veil at level seven. Alternate CostumesBeat the game with Naru at level seven. Use Square or X to select a character. Instant Secret MovesBeat the game with Naru, then set two or more of the shoulder buttons to special moves. Press all special move buttons at once to perform a secret move. Note that this does not work for all characters. Unlimited Soul BombsPress Start to pause a match. Use the controller configuration option to map the L1, L2, R1, and R2 keys to Soul Bombs. Resume game play and press one of the those buttons and X simultaneously to release a Soul Bomb. That button combination may be pressed an unlimited amount of times during the match. Manual Camera ControlEnter the button configuration menu, highlight any s houlder button, and press L1 + L2 + R1 + R2. The controls for the shoulder buttons will change to camera view controls. The view may now be rotated manually. Control Loading ScreenPress any controller button to alter the color of the phrase Now Loading. Beast WarsPick any level you want and destroy whos on it with these two great cheats.:Level skip:During play pause game then press and hold L2 while pressing Up, Down, Left, Right, Triangle, X, X, Triangle, Right, Left, Down, Up. Resume the game with L2 still held. Weapon power-up:During play pause game then press and hold L2 while pressing Up, Down, Left, Right, Triangle, X, and Square. Resume the game with L2 still held. Bio F.R.E.A.K.S. Fight Clonus and alternate View codes. :Fight Clonus OpponentHold Select while selecting an opponent at the character selection screen to fight against the Clonus version of that character, Alternate ViewHold L2 + R2 and press Away during a match. Hold L2 + R2 and press Down to return to normal view. Black DawnUnlimited access to the tools of death and destruction duty free!:Infinite Missiles 8005FCF0 0064Infinite Napalm8005FCF4 03E7Infinite Rockets8005FCF2 0064Infinite TAC8005FCF6 03E7Mission skip, max weapons, max fuel ammo, plus other cool codes:During gameplay press: Select, L2, Select, R2. Then enter any one of the codes below: (T = Triangle)Max Fuel Ammo T, T, T, O Cycle Gun Modes Select, Select, Select Screen Mode Toggle Down, R1, R2Max Weapons L1, L2, R1, R2 Summon Wingman S, S, S, O Mission Complete T, T, T, Down, Down, Down Upgrade Current Weapon L1, L1, R1, R1Blast ChamberBlow the competition away before the games begin by starting on the level of your choice!:NA EMMAAB MAGDIEAHNINKPDMEMJKKAMKCJODPIGEHICJPABNAInfinite lives, joy!:Legend: S= SquareC= CircleL= LeftR= RightD= DownU= UpAt the title screen press:S, L, S, R, C, D, C, U. Now enter the options menu and choose solo survivor. You now have infinite lives. BlastoSecret Babes View Option:If you manage to finish the game with all the babes rescued, go to start game and there is a new option view babes. I think you can figure out the rest Blazing DragonsGo straight to the final level:V?U5MK 4N6LUL OHW5CB BRAHMA Force: The Assault on Beltlogger 9Check out the hidden, secret, behind-the-scenes stuff!:First you must beat the game within two hours (with a memory card in the slot). Then wait till the game returns to the title screen. The words Press Start should be on the screen, so go ahead and press start. A new word, special, should appear on the screen. Highlight this and behold! A menu appears that features a stage select, a video and sound test, and more! Bravo Air RaceFaster planes, extra planes, and alternate colors.:Note: This game is also titled Reciproheat 5000. Turbo GeeBeeRapidly tap X at the Now Loading screen until the GeeBee aircraft flies to the top of the screen. The word Good!! will appear to confirm correct code entry. The GeeBee will now fly over 100 mph faster than normal during game play. Extra PlanesHold R1 + L2 and quickly press Select(20) on controller two at the title screen. A sound will confirm correct code entry. The F-16 and F-117A will be available on the plane selection screen. Alternate Plane ColorHold R2 + L1 while the game loads. Bubsy 3DCheat your way through the game!:Enter one of the following passwords at the load and save game screen. Note: Press Left + Start after enabling the Zoom cheat to move around the level. Effect Password Level select XMVLCHTMSB 99 lives XMUCHOLIFE Level select and 99 lives XALLDBUGCR All rocket parts XTOOROCKER Add coordinates to Paws screen XDBUGLOCNC Enable zoom cheat XZOOMERKB Change shape XURASNAKER Access bonus rounds XBNSCHTMMM Burning RoadThree sort-of hidden Tracks:At the beginning of any one of the tracks, its possible to turn around and race the track in the opposite direction. Bushido Bladecodes Bushido BladeUnlock Katze:If you beat Slash Mode on hard without continuing, Katze (the character with the gun) will become playable. Bust-A-Move 2 Arcade EditionExtra Levels, Different Characters, and more! :Extra LevelsWhen Press Start appears on the title screen, press R1, Up, L2, Down. If you entered the code correctly a small green wizard will appear in the lower right corner. Start a new game and the phrase Another World will appear in the lower left corner. Different Characters Start a puzzle game, then at the map screen, press Left twice, Up, Down, L1 + L2 + R1 + R2. Now a character select screen will appear. Press Left or Right to select a character and press X to continue. Note: Bub will appear on the map screen, but your new character will be in the game. Extra Credits In the option menu, press Left, Right, R1, R2, L2, L1, Up, Down. A 30-second timer will appear in the upper-right corner. Quickly highlight the Credit selection and repeatedly tap X or Circle to add up to 30 credits!If you need more credits check out this trick:Select the options menu, and press L, R, R1, R2, L2, L1, UP, DOWN. Highlight the word credits. You will have thirty seconds to hit the X button as fast as you can. The faster you hit X, the more credits you will have when your time is up. Access the hidden characters:Select puzzle game mode. When the map screen appears, press L, L, U, D, then press L1, L2, R1, R2 simultaneously. A secret character selection screen will now appear. Its a whole new place to be!:Once the game has loaded up, and the words Press Start are blinking onscreen, press R1,U, L2, D. Now, select the Puzzle Game mode and try out the new world. Buster Bros. CollectionUse this code to find hidden levels or to select regular ones.:Bonus levels (B uster Buddies)Press X on controllers one and two when selecting a normal game. Ten extra stages will be available for game play. Level select (Super Buster Brothers and Buster Buddies)Press Down + X when selecting a normal game. Cardinal SynYou dont have to beat the game to use all of the characters, just use this code!:Play as Bimorphia When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Right(3), Down, Square. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Juni When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Up, Left, Left, Up, Square. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Kahn When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Up(2), Down(2), Triangle. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Moloch When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Up, Right, Down, Left, Square. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Mongwan When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Down(3), Up, Triangle. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Redemptor When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Up, Down, Left, Right, Circle. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Stygian When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Left, Right, Left, Right, Triangle. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. Play as Vodu When Press Start appears at the opening screen, press Left(3), Up, Circle. If you entered the code correctly, you will hear a sound. CasperHow to beat the ghosts:Fatso near kitchen: Feed him hamburgers Stinky: spray perfume on him Stretch: use glue Fatso in bathtub: use camera General Fatso: use wind up key then hammer the tanksFarmer Stinky: use hammer and chisel to carve the stone in Graveyard Stretch: Use twister morph to lure him into grave site Castlevania: Symphony of the NightGet more out of the game after you beat it!:To play as Richter Belmont beat the game 160% or higher and enter your name as RICHTER To start the game with AXE ARMOR beat the game and enter the name AXEARMORFor 99 luck with the Lapis Luzuli (which gives+20 luck) beat the game and enterthe Name X-X!VQFor a hard game beat the game and enter the name X-X!VNote: All the names need to be entered after you beat the game with 160% or higherand are entered as a new game not renaming a saveCode Name: TenkaSkip to the end:To skip a level, pause the game during play. Press and hold L2 while pressing this button sequence: Circle, Circle, Square, Tri angle, R1, Square, Triangle, Circle. Then release L2. Bring out the big guns!:To gain access to all of the guns, pause the game during play. Press and hold L1, and enter the following: Triangle, R1, Triangle, Square, R1, Circle, Square, Square. Then release L1. Colony WarsWeapons cheat, infinite energy, and more! :For Super-cooled Weapons enter this password at the password entry screen in the options menu: Tranquillex. For infinite energy enter: Hestas*RetortFor level skip enter: Commander*JefferFor infinite secondary weapons enter: Memo*X33RTYCommand ConquerAll you need to win, its that simple.:Ion Cannon:During play, pause the game and press Right, Down, Left, Left, Down, Right, Right, Down, Left, X, Square, Triangle. Press start to resume play and activate your code. View map:During play, pause the game and press Circle, Circle, Circle, Up, Circle, Square, R1, Circle, Circle, Circle. Press start to reveal the map. Nuke em:While playing, pause the game and press Right, Down, Lef t, Left, Down, Right, Right, Down, Left, X, Up, X. Press start to resume play and launch your attack. GDI levels revealed:2 04XFOOP3W 3 W3KIESA3O 4 A8OTO3WIW 5 W1N457LJ4 6 OLXRH5ZUS 7 OX3CS3D4G 8 036Y0TVNY 9 V199PXG5L 10 8PH1NEGII 11 GTJKF2J00 12 T0RMFVVM5 13 AQU7OQ65A 14 KV2UWMZJ9 15 GTJ2PV46O Get 5,000 instantly with a code:During play, pause the game and press Right, Down, Down, Left, L1, Left, Right, Down, Left. Press Start to resume play with an extra $5,000. Pick a level, any level!:To access a level within the NOD mission disk, enter the appropriate code: Level 2: C99FAXKW8Level 3: RZNLQZ3NLLevel 4: W1954XWLFLevel 5: W15DASRS8Level 6: 8PH1MR53WLevel 7: GTJKWOJDKLevel 8: YKK424K3DLevel 9: 874LCPUT4Level 10: A8SHPAHXWLevel 11: OX3UKOP94Level 12: QGDUMSK2JLevel 13: SZP09VDSBCommand Conquer: Red Alertcodes Command Conquer: Red AlertSkip to any stage:Enter at the password screen. Can You Recover Memories of Childhood Abuse EssayGibberish Mode:Hold down the Select button. Tap the following buttons quickly: Left, O, Up, Down, Down, Right, O, Square, Square. Now you should see the message Gibberish Mode Activated. This cheat makes Murray talk total gibberish. Bonus Track:Hold down the Select button. Tap the following buttons quickly: Left, O, O, Triangle, Triangle, O, Up, Right. Now you should see the message Bonus Track Activated. This will make the bonus track selectable just like the normal tracks. Bonus Track:To gain access to the Grand Champion Bonus Track you must finish first in both team and driver points in championship mode. Go into a single race then select the bonus track. FroggerSkip levels and get unlimited lives!:Level Select Pause the game during play and press R, S, T, S, T, R1, L1, R1, L1, O. Infinite Lives Pause the game during play and press R, S, T, S, T, X. G PoliceUnlimited shields, All weapons and unlimited ammo! :For unlimited shields:At the briefing screen press and hold L1+R2+Square then while still holding press Left on the D-pad. For all weapons and unlimited ammo:At the loadout screen(weapon select) press and hold L1+L2+R1+circle+triangle+square. Then while still holding press Left on the D-pad. Gex: Enter the GeckoGex made easy:Infinite lives: UNDEADInvincible: WEASELOne-Liners (Quotes): ALOUDRambling GEX: SENSELESSTo enter these codes press pause during the game then press and Hold L2 and R2. Then press the directions and buttons listed below that spell out the words above. For the letters U or N, push the up key. For the letters D or S, push the down key. For the letters L or W, push the left key. For the letters R or E, push the right key. For the letter, A, push the triangle button. For the letter, O, push the O button. For the letter, X push the X button. Gran TurismoGet money fast and easy:All you have to do is keep entering a race that you know that you can win and keep winning it! Then you can rack up more and more money!!!!! (You can also sell the car that you win as well!) Get back in the race faster after a mishap:If you are racing any fully tuned turbo type car and you spin out. It takes 10-15 seconds to get going again. Instead of watching the competition drive by while you try to get any revs and speed built up try this. When you spin out and come to a stop, hold the gas and the brake at the same time, the revs will build quickly and when you hit the redline release the brake and you take off like a shot. You save tons of time. A brief explanation of what is required to get extra car manufactures, the ending, and hi-fi mode.:After you get the four extra tracks you can beat the four with all classes and will get four extra car manufactures. Then if you beat all 8 tracks in normal mode in all classes you will see the ending. An d last if you beat all tracks in all classes you will be able to use hi-fi mode. Get 2000 dollars more for your car:If you sell a car sell it to the company it was made youll get paid $2,000 more than if you were to sell it to someone like Dodge or Chevy. Four more tracks!:In order to reveal an extra four tracks you need to win all three classes on the first four tracks. Grand Theft AutoInfinite Ammo, Unlock Cities, and More.:GROOVY: All weapons, infinite ammo, get out of jail key, armor. WEYHEY: 9999990 points (level complete)BLOWME: CoordinatesEATTHIS: Max for level of choiceFECK: Liberty city parts 1 and 2TVTAN: San Andreas and Liberty City parts 1 and 2URGE: All cities parts 1 and 2 except Vice City part 1CAPRICE: Level selectCHUFF: No policeTURF: All citiesCar Driver Presents: Grand Tour Racing 98Find the hidden medal for a secret!:Start a race in Hong Kong. Race until you encounter a dirt road, start to slow down a when you see the bridge. Drive across the bridge, and turn right. Head under the bridge and locate the gold medal this will grant you the secret car and track. Grid RunnerSometimes its faster to get flags when youre it:Instead of avoiding your opponent and taking twice as long to collect the flags, try allowing yourself to be it and chasing him down. Your opponent will stay near flags and after you tag him youll have time to run around and collect a couple more. HexenEvery Cheat :From the main game menu, select Options. From the options screen, selec t Pad Config. Once in the configuration menu, Hold down the R2 button and press Right, Down, Right, Triangle, X. You should then hear a sound to let you know the code was entered correctly. If you dont hear anything, try entering the code again. Once the code has been entered correctly, go back to the main menu. You will see a new option called Cheats. You will not be able to access this menu until you start the game. Start a game and hit the pause key. Select Cheats, and you will see various options to make gameplay easier, such as God mode, weapons, keys, etc. Set the cheats up as you like and then quit the cheats menu, then unpause your game. Cheats will now be activated. Hot Shots GolfPlay on the courses backwards!:Highlight a course at the course selection screen, then hold L1+L2 and press X. Happy sounds:Begin game play in multi-player mode. Press X, Triangle, Circle, or Square on the controller not currently in use to play various sounds. Get all of the people and places:Remo ve all memory cards from the PlayStation. Hold L1 + L2 + R1 + R2 on controller two when the screen flashes just before the Hot Shots logo appears during the opening sequence. Keep those buttons held, and press UP, UP, Down, UP, Left, Right, Right, Left, UP, UP, Down, UP, Left, Right, Right, Left on controller two while the Hot Shots logo is in motion. The sound of a wood driver will confirm correct code entry. Play Either Way:Highlight a golfer at the character selection screen, then hold L1 and press X. Impact RacingUnlimited ammo, all weapons available, last level skip, and bonus level:To get the desired effect, enter your chosen code on the password screen: loadsofstuff (unlimited ammo for weapons)all.tooledup (get all weapons) endgamelevel (last level)i.am.imortal (indestructible car)bonus.level (bonus level)Incredible Hulk: The Pantheon SagaSkip ahead or back. Your choice.:Level 2: 603EE0C530 Level 3: B08E0F0802Level 4: 000026B698Level 5: 40074DFF12Independence DayPlay any lev el, any time!:Go into the options menu and select the normal difficulty level. Then, without a memory card in the slot, select the load game option and enter any one of the following codes: Washington DBKMONew York GBKMXParis LLSMXMoscow NL9MXTokyo R39NFOahu T59MXLas Vegas Z99MZMothership 399MHJeremy McGrath Supercross 98Extra bikes, reversed tracks, and even more cheats!:Access the Yamaha YZ80 Complete the first race in first place under advanced mode. This will also enable you to race Jeremy one on one. Reversed Tracks Complete the season in first place. Automatic Saved Game LoadingEnter MCGRATH as the players name. Mirrored Tracks Complete the season in first place using the reversed tracks. Jet MotoCant get to all of the tracks? Now you can!:Go into the options menu and set the difficulty level to amateur. Then change the trophy presenter to male. Next, highlight the exit option and press X to return to the title screen. On the directional pad press Up, Right, Down, Left, Up, Right, Down, Left. Now press Left, then X, to enter the options screen. Change the difficulty to professional and change the trophy presenter to riders choice. Now move to the exit option and press X to go back to the title screen. Once here press Up, Left, Down, Right, Up, Left, Down, Right on the pad. Youll hear a sound if it worked. Go ahead and start to play. You will find that after choosing your rider and race type you are now able to select any track you want. Jet Moto 2Gain access to all of the tracks:Use the following steps to enable all tracks, including the alternate tracks. (this is hard to do) Set master difficulty and five laps per race at the options screen Press X on Lil Dave at the 1 player select screen, then go back to title screen. Press Up, Down, Left, Right, R2, R1, L2, L1 within four seconds at the title screen. Set three laps per race at the options screen. Then press X on Wild Ride at the 1 player select screen, then go back to title screen. Press Up, Left, Down, Right, Square, R2, Circle, L2 within four seconds at the title screen. Set amateur difficulty and turbos off at the options screen. Press X on Bomber at the 1 player select screen, then go back to title screen. Press Up, Down, Left, Right, Up, Down, Left, Right within four seconds at the title screen. Set professional difficulty and turbos on at the options screen. Press R2, R1, L1, L2, R2, R1, L1, L2 within four seconds at the title screen. Its an enigma!:Set master difficulty and 6 laps per race at the options screen. Press Left, Square, Down, Triangle, Right, Circle, L1, R1 within four seconds at the title screen. Secret modes and characters:If you beat Jet Moto 2 on the hardest difficulty setting a secret setting and character will be revealed. Everytime you earn a trophy with a character a secret opens up. Try to get a trophy with all of the characters to see all of the secrets. Jumping Flash! 2Super and Extra Modes:When you beat Jumping Flash 2 you have the opportunity to replay the game in Super Mode. In Super Mode you can Super Jump six levels of jumping by pressing the jump button each time you reach the full height of a jump. Finish the game in Super Mode, and you can play Extra Mode a higher level of difficulty. King Of Fighters 95Play as the boss characters:At the characters selection screen, select for Team Edit. Then, WHILE HOLDING , Press in this order:Up + Circle, Right + Square, Left + X, Down + Triangle. Legacy of KainBlood refill, Magic refill, and cinemas:During play simply push the buttons and directions listed for each code: Blood RefillUp, Right, Square, Circle, Up, Down, Right, LeftMagic RefillRight, Right, Square, Circle, Up, Down, Right, LeftAccess to all cinemas in the Dark DiaryLeft, Right, Square, Circle, Up, Down, Right, LeftLost World: Jurassic Park90 lives with any of the characters!:Enter these codes at the password screenCompy with 90 lives: x,x,o,t,s,x,s,x,o,s,t,sHunter with 90 lives: s,s,t,o,x,s,s,s,s,x,o,tRaptor with 90 lives: x,x,o,t,s,x,s,x,s,s,t,oT-Rex with 90 lives: x,x,o,t,s,s,s,x,t,s,t,sHuman prey with 90 lives: s,s,t,o,x,x,s,s,t,x,o,tDebug Menu: Enter this code three times in a row for it to work. The first two times it will say that the code is wrong. On the third try it will say it is correct. The code is: s,x,o,t,t,x,s,o,t,o,x,sKey: X=X O=O T=Triangle S=SquareEnter one of these codes at the password entry screen:To play as the Compy with twenty lives ente r: X, X, O, O, T, T, T, O, O, S, S, OTo play as the Human Hunter with twenty lives enter:S, S, T, T, O, O, T, T, S, X, X, TTo play as the Raptor with twenty lives enter:O, O, X, X, S, S, S, X, T, T, S, TTo play as the T-rex with twenty lives enter:T, T, S, S, X, S, T, S, X, O, O, OTo play as the Human Prey with twenty lives enter:O, O, X, X, S, X, T, X, X, T, T, TMachine HunterKill enemies with only one shot :Enter the following password at the password screen to make your bullets more powerful than you could possibly imagine. GRIMREAPER Madden NFL 97See all the cinemas and extra teams:To view all the cinematic sequences in Madden 97 press L1 and R1 together when you first turn on the game, until the cinematic screen comes up. Instead of going to the introduction, the game will go to a screen that says cinematic. To view them, just click on the screens at the bottom. At the user screen, enter TIBURON. Press X to accept this name, then press O to back out. At the team select screen, there should be 7 new teams for you to play. Madden 97 code at the exhibition screen press L2 and R2 until you get an otherwise hidden standout team. Marvel Super HeroesSecret characters:To play as Thanos beat the game once then select arcade mode. At the character select screen highlight Spider-Man then press up twice on the D-pad holding up the second time. While holding up quickly press and hold strong punch, then press and hold medium punch, and finally press and hold weak punch. If done correctly Thanos should be selected. To play as Dr. Doom beat the game once then select arcade mode. At the character select screen highlight Spider-Man then press down twice on the D-pad holding down the second time. While holding down quickly press and hold weak kick, then press and hold medium kick, then press and hold strong kick. You can let up on all of the buttons this should select Dr. Doom. MechWarrior 2Maintain proper speed:Simply enter this at the password screen #, A, X, 0, /, A, 4, Y, Y, AYou got the shells:Enter this at the password screen T, O, X, 0, /, A, X, , T, UPlay all the missions!:Simply enter this at the password screen T,

Solutions to Homework Assignments Essay Example

Solutions to Homework Assignments Paper The line is GAG (the last line on the front page of the individual tax return). Though both types Of deductions may reduce a taxpayers taxable income, for GAG deductions are generally more valuable to taxpayers because they reduce GAG which may allow taxpayers to deduct more of their from GAG deductions (and other tax benefits) that are subject to GAG limitations. From GAG deductions dont affect GAG. 11. Why are some deductions called above-the-line deductions and others are called towel-line deductions? What is the line? The line is adjusted gross income (GAG). GAG is considered the line because of the significance it plays in the amount of deductions allowed from GAG. for GAG deductions are called bother-line deductions because they are deducted in determining GAG. From GAG deductions are called below-the-line deductions because they are deducted after GAG has been determined. They are deducted from GAG to arrive at taxable income, Below-the-line deductions may be subject to limitations based on the taxpayers GAG. 2. What is the difference between a tax deduction and a tax credit? Is one more beneficial than the Other? Explain. A deduction generally reduces taxable income dollar for dollar (although from GAG deductions may not reduce taxable income dollar for dollar). This translates into a tax savings in the I mount Of the deduction times the marginal tax rate. In contrast, credits reduce a taxpayers taxes payable dollar for dollar. Thus. Generally speaking, credits are more valua ble than deductions. 20. We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions to Homework Assignments specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions to Homework Assignments specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Solutions to Homework Assignments specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Isabella provides of the support for her father Hastings who lives in an apartment by himself and has no gross income, Is it possible for Isabella to claim a dependency exemption for her father? Explain. Because her father meets the relationship and gross income test for a qualifying relative, the support test is the only obstacle for Isabella to claim a dependency exemption for her father _ The basic support test requires that Isabella must have provided more than half of the support for her father in order to claim a dependency exemption for him. Because Isabella provides only 30% of her fathers support, she does not meet the basic test. However, Isabella could potentially qualify to claim a dependency exemption for her father under a multiple support agreement. For Isabella to qualify, the following requirements must be met: 1. No other taxpayer paid over half of her fathers support. 2. Isabella and at least one other person provided more than half the support of her father, and Isabella and the other person or persons would have men allowed to claim an exemption for Hastings except for the fact that neither met the support test. . Isabella provided over 10% of her fathers support (she provided 30%). 4 The other person or persons who provided more than 10% of Hastings support must provide a signed statement to Isabella agreeing not to claim Hastings as a dependent. Isabella would include the names, addresses, and social security numbers of each other person on a Form 2120- which she would include with her tax return for the year, 31 Rank the following three single taxpayers in order of the magnitude of taxable income (from lowest to highest) and explain your results. Aimed Gross Income Deductions Poor GAG Itemized Deductions $ 80,000 8,000 0 Baker S 80,000 4,000 4,000 Chin S 80,000 0 8,000 Chin has the highest taxable income, followed by Baker and then Aimed. Chins taxable income is highest because he had no for GAG deductions, and Aimed has the lowest because he had the most for GAG deductions. Baker did not benefit from the itemized deductions because they did not exceed the standard deduction. Chin only benefited from the itemized deductions to the extent the deductions exceeded the standard deduction. See the following analysis: Description Aimed Baker Chin Computation (1) Gross income (2) For GAG deductions (3) Adjusted gross income (4) Standard deduction (5) Itemized deductions (6) Greater of standard deductions or itemized deductions (7) personal and dependency exemptions 580,000 (8, COO) $72,000 (6,100) 0 (6, 100) 580,000 (4, COO) $76,000 (6,100) (4,000) (6,100) 580,000 0 580,000 (6, 100) (8, COO) (8,000) Aimed: (4) > (5) Baker: (4) > (5) Chin: (S) > (4) (1)+ (2) Single taxpayer (3,900) 3,900 x I (personal exemption) Taxable income 562,000 $66,000 $68,100 32. Caraways husband passed away in 2012. She needs to determine whether jasmine, her 17-year old step-daughter who is single, qualifies as her dependent in 2013. Jasmine is a resident but not a citizen of the united States. She lived in Cassowary;s home from June IS through December 31 , 2013. Cassowary provided more than halt of Jasmines support for the 2013. A. Is Cassowary allowed to claim a dependency exemption for Jasmine for 2013? Yes, Cassowary may claim a dependency exemption for Jasmine in 2013. Jasmine meets the citizenship/ residency test because she is a resident Of the United States, and she meets he requirements to be considered Caraways qualifying child as follows: Test Relationship Age Residence Support Jasmine Yes, stepdaughter qualifies Jasmine is under 19 at the end of the year Jasmine had the same principal residence as Cassowary for more than half the year Jasmine does not provide more than half her own support. B. Would Cassowary be allowed to claim a dependency exemption for Jasmine for 2013 if Cassowary provided more than half of Jasmines support in 2013, Jasmine lived in Caraways home from July 15 through December 31 of 2013, and Jasmine reported gross income of $5,000 in 2013? No. Jasmine would fail the qualifying child test because she did not have the same principal residence as Cassowary for more than half the year. Jasmine would fail the qualifying relative test because her gross income exceeds the 53,900 personal exemption amount for 2013. C. Would Cassowary be allowed to claim a dependency exemption for Jasmine for 2013 if Cassowary provided more than half of Jasmines support in 201 3, Jasmine lived in Caraways home from July 15 through December 31 of 2013, and Jasmine reported gross income of $2,500 in 2013? Yes, Jasmine would qualify as Caraways qualifying relative as allows: Test Relationship Support Gross income Jasmine Yes, stepdaughter qualifies Cassowary provided more than half Of Jasmines support Jasmines gross income does not exceed the dependency exemption amount. 44. Gary and Lakes were married on December 31 last year. They are now preparing their taxes for the April 15 deadline and are unsure of their filing status. A. What filing status options do Gary and Lakes have for last year? To be married for filing status purposes, taxpayers must be married at the end of the year. Although Gary and Lakes were married on the last day of the year, hey are still considered married for the entire year tort filing purposes. Gary and Lakes may file as married filing jointly, or they may elect to file as married filing separately. B. Assume instead that Gary and Lakes were married on January I of this year, What is their filing status for last year (neither has been married before and neither had any dependents last year)? Single. Gary and Lakes were not married at the end of the year, therefore they must both file single, 48 In each of the following independent situations, determine the taxpayers filing status and the number of personal and dependency exemptions the sprayer is allowed to claim. A. Prank is single and supports his 17-year-old brother, Bill. Bill earned $3,000 and did not live with Frank. Single with two exemptions; one personal and one dependency exemption for Bill. 4 Frank Will file as single, not head Of household. Bill is not a qualifying person for purposes of the head of household test because Bill did not live as member of Franks household for more than half the year. Frank can claim an exemption for Bill because Bill qualifies as Franks qualifying relative as follows: Test Relationship Age Residence Support Gross income b. Bill Yes, Bill is taxpayers brother, Not applicable to qualifying relative Not applicable to qualifying relative Yes, more than half of Bills support is provided by Frank. Yes, Bills gross income ($3,000) is less than the exemption amount, Geneva and her spouse reside with their son, Steve, who is a 20-year-old undergraduate student at State University. Steve earned $13,100 at a part-time summer job, but he deposited this money in a savings account for graduate school. Geneva paid all of the $12,000 cost of supporting Steve. Married filing jointly with two personal exemptions and one dependency exemption for Steve Steve meets the test to be Geneva and her husbands qualifying child as follows: Test Relationship Age Residence Support Steve Yes, Steve is the taxpayers son. Yes, under age 24 and a full-time student (and younger than parents). Yes, temporary absences away at school count as time in the parents home Yes, even though the Steve earned $13,100, he did not use any of that money to provide for his support. Staves parents provided more than half (all, in fact) Of his support for the year. A qualifying child is not subject to the gross income test. Hams spouse died last year, and Hams has not remarried. Hams supports his father Reggae, age 78, who lives in a nursing home and had interest income this year of SO,500. Head of household with two exemptions. Hams is not a qualifying widower because he does not maintain a household for a dependent child. However, he does qualify for head of household because he is not married and he pays more than halt the cost of maintaining a separate household that is the principal place of abode for his father, and his father also qualifies as his dependent (as a qualifying relative) as follows: Test Relationship Age Reggae Yes, Reggae is Hams father. Not applicable to qualifying relative Residence Support Gross income Not applicable to qualifying relative Yes, Hams provides more than half Of Regiss support. Yes, Regiss gross income of $2,500 is less than the exemption amount. Because Reggae is considered to be Hams qualifying relative (and a qualifying person for purposes of the head of household filing status). Hams may also claim a dependency exemption for Reggae. D. Irene is married but has not seen her spouse since February. She supports her spouses 18-year-old child Dolores, who lives with Irene. Dolores earned $4,500 this year. Head of household with two exemptions. Irene qualifies for being treated as unmarried for the year (abandoned spouse) as follows: Test Married Separate Return Maintains Home Time Separated Irene Yes, Irene is still married at the end of the year, Yes, Irene files a separate return from her spouse, Yes, Irene provides more than halt the cost to maintaining a home tort a quailing child. Yes, Irene has not lived with her spouse for the last six months of the year. Because she is treated as though she were unmarried, she may file as head of household because she pays more than half the costs (for more than half the usable year) of maintaining a household that is the principal place of abode for a dependent who is her qualifying child. Dolores is Irene qualifying child, as determined below: Test Relationship Age Residence Support Dolores Yes, Dolores is the taxpayers stepchild. Yes, under age 19 (and younger than Irene) Yes, Dolores lived with taxpayer for more than half of the year _ Yes, Dolores did not provide more than half of her own support. Irene may claim one personal exemption for herself and one dependency exemption for Dolores. E. Assume the same facts as in part d. Also assume that Craig is Urines husband. Craig supports his 12-year-old son Ethan, who lives with Craig. Ethan did not earn any income. Head of household with two exemptions. Craig qualifies for being treated as unmarried (abandoned spouse rules) as follow. Was: 6 Test Married Separate Return Maintains Home Time Separated Irene Yes, Craig is still married at the end of the year. Yes, Craig files a separate return trot his spouse. Yes, Craig provides more than halt the cost to maintaining a home for a qualifying child. Yes, Craig has not lived with his spouse tort the last six months of the year. Because he is treated as though she were unmarried, he may file as head of should because he pays more than half the costs (for more than half the taxable year) of maintaining a household that is the principal place of abode for a dependent who is his qualifying child. Ethan is Crags qualifying child, as determined below: Test Relationship Age Residence Support Dolores Yes, Ethan is the taxpayers child. Yes, under age I g (and younger than Craig) Yes, Ethan lived with taxpayer for more than half of the year. Yes, Ethan did not provide more than half Of his own support. Craig may claim one personal exemption for himself and one dependency exemption for Ethan. Note that both Irene in part d. ND Craig may claim head of household filing status because they both qualify to be treated as unmarried for filing status purposes. 54 Demeanor and Jeanine Jackson have been married for 20 years and have four children who quality as their dependents (Damascus, Jeanine, Michael, and Candace).

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buy custom Application Essays for Duke Fuqua essay Throughout my life I have had two great passions, that is, economics and helping my country. It is my belief that China is one of the fastest growing economies in the world in this century. The majority of Chinas success can be attributed to growing business opportunities. Though great economic strides have been made in China, there is still a lot that needs to be done in order to propel the country to greater heights. I believe that business more so economics would be very beneficial to China at this point. I would like to study economics under the Duke Fuqua Masters of Management Studies (MMS) program, so as to gain the requisite academic foundation to start a financial consulting company in China and hopefully help the growth of the Chinese economy. My love and interest in economics began at an early age. While in high school I started my internet store which did very well. My father who was a successful businessman also inspired the passion for business in me. During summer holidays I would work at his firm helping in whatever I could. Through these experiences I was able to sharpen my business sense and gain a deeper understanding of economics and business in general. I was able to learn how companies operate and how to gauge the success of a company. I was also able to understand the dynamics of financial goods and services. It is through these experiences that I was able to develop a great passion for economics. Having witnessed the rapid economic growth of China I realized that I wanted to be part of making history. I wanted to be one of the contributors to the great advancement in Chinas economy and global position. My passion for economics deepened when I started reading renowned books such as the Wealth of Nations by Ada m Smith, Karl Marxs theory on economics, the Keynesian theory among many other economic theories. These great economists and philosophers advanced various theories on economics that made me develop great interest in the subject. I also have a passion for mathematics which is a significant part of economics. Mathematics unlike what most people believe is interesting and fun. It is interesting to solve problems using mathematical formulae, especially practical problems. I know that the Duke Fuqua MMS program is rigorous and fast paced but I believe I am up to the task. This is because I have honed my analytical and quantitative skills. This is evident from the tasks I did during my undergraduate studies at the SyracuseUniversity. While pursuing my Bachelors degree in Economics at the university, I was able to stress test portfolios and also work out the VAR (value at risk) measurements. This shows that I can be diverse and I am able to analyze various facts and present different perspectives. I also used a cleaned covariance matrix to come up with an efficient frontier. I was very passionate about both of these evaluations and evidently quantitative economics and risk management. My passion for risk management will enable me to work as a financial risk assessor for many firms in the near future. It will also enable me to offer people and companies, professional advice on risk management, especially in the long term when I open my own financial consu lting firm. I am passionate about the economics part of business because it is complex but at the same time very applicable and logical. After graduating from the Duke Fuqua Masters of Management Studies program, I intend to utilize my passion in economics and mathematics to work in the field of economic affairs. I believe that the Duke Fuqua MMS program will be instrumental for me to gain the academic foundation to launch my career as an economist and long term financial consultant. I greatly feel that given the opportunity to join the Duke Fuqua MMS program I would be able to fulfill my obligation to myself and to serve my country as a competent economist. I understand that it is very important for one to be a team player in any group projects. It is equally important to rise to the challenge of leadership in order to take on new responsibility and be accountable for certain projects as well as to showcase leadership skills. I have been involved in many team projects in my professional as well as academic life. In many occasions I have been a team player but in others I have worked as a team leader. Between June and August 2011, I worked at Knight Frank, Shanghai. While working at the company I was given the opportunity to work as an intern in the BD team. As an intern, my main responsibilities were to assist the director of global company consumers in the market in Shanghai, to build a consumer list and to analyze data from previous projects in order to make new timelines for new projects. When performing these tasks at the company, I was able to work both as a team leader and a team player. At the Knight Frank Company I was able to work as part of a team whose main function was to support the director of global company consumers. This is because being a multinational ccompany, the amount of work it required to coordinate consumer needs meant that there had to be a huge amount of team coordination and cooperation. During the period I worked with the support team of the director of global company consumer, I was able to interact with a number of people and work under high pressu re situations. I was able to learn that I am a good team player and am also able to work under a lot of pressure. I was also given the opportunity to prepare a consumer list for the global Knight Frank Company. This gave me the opportunity to work as a team leader as I was in charge of ensuring that the list was accurate for the Human Resource Manager. I also learnt to take specific instructions and to interpret them in the proper manner. I was also involved in making new timelines for new projects. This was a major responsibility on my part and it enabled me to coordinate a number of team members in order to allocate the proper timelines for every team project. My experience at Knight Frank Shanghai was very productive and it taught me a lot about being able to take instructions from my superiors as well as rising to the challenge of leadership. This is because as an intern I was able to adapt to different tasks and managers that I was assigned to. I was also part of a very successful team at the EFG Bank in Shanghai where I worked as a personal financial assistant between June and August 2010. My role in the bank was varied as I was assigned to various tasks within the organization, all of which I had to work under the supervision of a manager and also as part of a team. I assisted in designing fliers for some of the banks products which became very successful and helped to market the products. While in the bank, I also took part in various team building exercises which helped in strengthening team spirit. Having had CSI membership in the American Red Cross Association, I have also been given numerous opportunities to work as a team leader and as a team member. I have on many occasions assisted members of my cohort to win various medals. The fact that I have been involved in many teams and worked as a team leader I have acquired the requisite skills to be able to participate in the team activities both academic and extracurricular at the MMS program at the Duke University. I would be very pleased to be part of the distinguished class of MMS students at the Duke University. I believe the MMS program will equip me fully for my future responsibilities especially as an economist. Buy custom Application Essays for Duke Fuqua essay

The Consequences of World War I

The Consequences of World War I World War I was fought on battlefields throughout Europe between 1914 and 1918. It involved human slaughter on a previously unprecedented scale- and its consequences were enormous. The human and structural devastation left Europe and the world greatly changed in almost all facets of life, setting the stage for political convulsions throughout the remainder of the century. A New Great Power Before its entry into World War I, the United States of America was a nation of untapped military potential and growing economic might. But the war changed the United States in two important ways: the countrys military was turned into a large-scale fighting force with the intense experience of modern war, a force that was clearly equal to that of the old Great Powers; and the balance of economic power began to shift from the drained nations of Europe to America. However, the dreadful toll taken by the war led U.S. politicians to retreat from the world and return to a policy of isolationism. That isolation initially limited the impact of Americas growth, which would only truly come to fruition in the aftermath of World War II. This retreat also undermined the League of Nations and the emerging new political order. Socialism Rises to the World Stage The collapse of Russia under the pressure of total warfare allowed socialist revolutionaries to seize power  and turn communism, one of the world’s growing ideologies, into a major European force. While the global socialist revolution that Vladimir Lenin believed was coming never happened, the presence of a huge and potentially powerful communist nation in Europe and Asia changed the balance of world politics. Germanys politics initially tottered toward  joining Russia, but eventually pulled back from experiencing a full Leninist change and formed a new social democracy. This would come under great pressure and fail from the challenge of Germanys right, whereas Russias authoritarian regime after the tsarists lasted for decades. The Collapse of Central and Eastern European Empires The German, Russian, Turkish, and Austro-Hungarian Empires all fought in World War I, and all were swept away by defeat and revolution, although not necessarily in that order. The fall of Turkey in 1922 from a revolution stemming directly from the war, as well as that of Austria-Hungary, was probably not that much of a surprise: Turkey had long been regarded as the sick man of Europe, and vultures had circled its territory for decades. Austria-Hungary appeared close behind. But the fall of the young, powerful, and growing German Empire, after the people revolted and the Kaiser was forced to abdicate, came as a great shock. In their place came a rapidly changing series of new governments, ranging in structure from democratic republics to socialist dictatorships. Nationalism Transforms and Complicates Europe Nationalism had been growing in Europe for decades before World War I began, but the wars aftermath saw a major rise in new nations and independence movements. Part of this was a result of Woodrow Wilson’s isolationist commitment to what he called self-determination. But part of it was also a response to the destabilization of old empires, which nationalists viewed as an opportunity to declare new nations. The key region for European nationalism was Eastern Europe and the Balkans, where Poland, the three Baltic States, Czechoslovakia, the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, and others emerged. But nationalism conflicted hugely with the ethnic makeup of this region of Europe, where many different nationalities and ethnicities sometimes lived in tension with one another. Eventually, internal conflicts stemming from new self-determination by national majorities arose from disaffected minorities who preferred the rule of neighbors. The Myths of Victory and Failure German commander Erich Ludendorff suffered a mental collapse before he called for an armistice to end the war, and when he recovered and discovered the terms he had signed onto, he insisted Germany refuse them, claiming the army could fight on. But the new civilian government overruled him, as once peace had been established there was no way to keep the army fighting. The civilian leaders who overruled Ludendorff became scapegoats for both the army and Ludendorff himself. Thus began, at the very close of the war, the myth of the undefeated German army being stabbed in the back by liberals, socialists, and Jews who had damaged the Weimar Republic and fueled the rise of Hitler. That myth came directly from Ludendorff setting up the civilians for the fall. Italy didn’t receive as much land as it had been promised in secret agreements, and Italian right-wingers exploited this to complain of a mutilated peace. In contrast, in Britain, the successes of 1918 which had been won partly by their soldiers were increasingly ignored, in favor of viewing the war and all war as a bloody catastrophe. This affected their response to international events in the 1920s and 1930s; arguably, the policy of appeasement was born from the ashes of World War I. The Largest Loss: A Lost Generation While it is not strictly true that a whole generation was lost- and some historians have complained about the term- eight million people died during World War I, which was perhaps one in eight of the combatants. In most of the Great Powers, it was hard to find anyone who had not lost someone to the war. Many other people had been wounded or shell-shocked so badly they killed themselves, and these casualties are not reflected in the figures.

Introduction to business for the creative industries Essay

Introduction to business for the creative industries - Essay Example anding its operations across several parts of the world included North America, India, Eastern and Western Europe and China thereby making it the forth biggest footwear manufacturer and retailer in the world(Clarks, 2014, p.1). Founded in 1825, the renowned British, international shoe manufacturer and retailer has sustained its growth over the years through its great brand marketing campaigns, more fashion focused products and management support to become the worlds largest footwear brand (Sutton, 2009, p.45). The history of the Clarks shoes business dates back to the 1820s when a British Tannery worker known as Cyrus Clark entered into a partnership with his Quaker cousin to begin a sheep skin rug business. Cyrus Clark was soon joined by his brother James who began making slippers from the sheepskin left over. The slippers were a great success. By 1833, James had been taken on as a full business partner and the business was renamed C & J Clark. In 1960s, Clarks also began building a reputation for its children shoe products not only in the United Kingdom but also in other parts of the world (Palmer, 2013, p.54). Currently, the company has established nearly 1000 branded stores selling more than 50 million pairs of shoes annually in over 35 countries across the globe. Despite experiencing difficulties during the middle of the 19th century, the company has managed to regain its growth and has expanded over the years by adopting techniques of mass production as well as enhancing its brand marketing campaigns to become a global giant shoe fashion designer and retailer. This paper presents an illustrated critique of the success of Clarks Footwear Fashion Business with particular focus to its marketing and brand positioning strategies. Throughout its 200 years of existence, the Clarks has always enjoyed an impressive market success and sustained growth in nearly all its product segments (Sutton, 2009, p.78). According to experts, the Clarks current market success is

Create an investment proposal for a business of your choice Assignment

Create an investment proposal for a business of your choice - Assignment Example Owing to the huge amount of the financial resources that will be required to implement the investment successfully, the funds will be sourced from commercial banks due to their ability in lending huge loans. The financial amounts that will be required to undertake a real estate investment has the potential of running into millions due to the cost of the essential requirements that will be needed. However, an investment analysis has been undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed investment. The business proposal evaluation has been undertaken using financial tools to measure the economic value of undertaking the investment. In addition, the investment proposal investigates the optimal financing approach that should be adopted by the investor based on the cost of financing an investment will incur to actualize the operations. Undertaking the financial plan of the investment is essential since it helps in validating the feasibility of the project to the financiers in suppor ting it implementation. Consequently, the investment proposal evaluation has played a critical role in establishing the significance of the investment and the optimal investment direction that should be adopted. In order to undertake the investment, the investor will need financial resources for operation of the investment activities. The amount of financial resource that is estimated to be required in undertaking the investment is  £100,000. Consequently, the financial resources will need to be solicited from the available sources. Sources of finance could be long-term, medium term or short-term depending on the favorable source for the investor. The long-term sources of finance are sources that exceed one year of reimbursement. The components of long-term debts are made up of equity and long-term debts (Ingram & Albright, 2009). Medium

Evaluating E-Commerce Strategy Development within Organisations Essay Example for Free

Evaluating E-Commerce Strategy Development within Organisations Essay Background The news about the â€Å"New Economy† has triggered many entrepreneurial ventures to exploit on the electronic commerce (e-commerce) opportunities. Ventures such as Amazon and eBay have received significant media attention and investor optimism about the potential of e-commerce. Now that the smoke has settled, both management and academic research have become interested on the impact of e-commerce on those companies that have supplemented their brick-and-mortar outlets with e-commerce initiatives. Several researches have emerged on effect of e-commerce on organisational strategy. Tapscott et al (1998) discusses the organisational changes created by B2B e-commerce and the benefits of deploying e-commerce within the organisation. O’Connell (2000) discusses the effect of e-commerce in the organisational structure in light of the resource-based view and transaction cost theory. E-commerce has been seen as improving efficiency, communication and lowering costs across business processes (O’Connell, 2000; Krovi et al., 2003; Garicano and Kaplan, 2001). In addition, researches have also shown the influence of e-commerce on brand management. Wind Mahajan (2001). discuss how the competitive environment is changing with the increasing number of Internet users and how the new technology is redefining the marketplace. The research presented a conceptual framework delineating the drivers and outcomes of marketing strategy in the context of competing in both physical and electronic marketplace. Part of the emergence of electronic marketplace is the ability of organisations to offer highly customized products to consumers, and the capability to build and to manage customer relationships (Brown, 2000). The aim of the research is to investigate the way in which an organisation develops its electronic commerce strategy over time in light of existing strategic approaches and development found within related literature. The research particularly looks into Marks Spencer e-commerce strategy as the case study for the research. The research looks into how Marks Spencer has developed and implemented its e-commerce strategy. Drawing from strategic management theories, the research specifically focuses on the how an e-commerce strategy is grounded on reducing transaction cost within the organisation and across the value chain. Furthermore, the research also looks into the importance of relationship marketing and how e-commerce is providing organisations with the necessary technology to achieve seamless exchange of information and reduced costs. Strategically, the adoption of e-commerce within an organisation hinges on these two important strategic management theories. In addition, the research is confined within the business-to-consumer (B2C) market, since business-to-business (B2B) relations are frequently characterized by a small number of customers and a strong emphasis on personal contacts between customers and salespeople as their means of marketing communication. Therefore, the research focuses on how consumers view their shopping experience within an e-commerce site, particularly Marks Spencer. The Overview of the Study   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The remainder of this study is as following statement:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter 2, Literature Review, will provide a concise concept and explanation of electronic commerce within retail organisation. The review of related literature discusses the concept and application areas of e-commerce within organisation. The review will also tackle the important strategic management concepts such as transaction cost theory and relationship marketing and how e-commerce is enabling organisations achieve increased efficiency, improved communication, and lower costs across its value chain. Chapter 3, Methodology, will describe the research design of this study. The research design of this study is empirical research method using secondary data for quantitative analysis. Chapter 4, Results, will demonstrate the results of this study.   At first, the descriptive statistical data such as maximum, minimum and mean, on the consumer’s perspective on the different service attributes of e-commerce site for Marks and Spencer. Chapter 5, Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations, the â€Å"Summary† section will first provide a comprehensive summary of the major findings of this study. The â€Å"Conclusion† section will highlight the implications of the research findings. Finally, â€Å"Recommendations† will be proposed to help companies to utilize the importance of electronic commerce in their strategic assessment.   In next chapter, related researches in electronic commerce will be reviewed CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW Electronic Commerce According to the International Engineering Forum, e-commerce is â€Å"an emerging model of new selling and merchandising tools in which buyers are able to participate in all phases of a purchase decision, while stepping through those processes electronically rather than in a physical store or by phone (with a physical catalog). (online International Engineering Forum)† E-commerce enables a customer to access product information, select items to purchase, purchase items securely and have the purchase settled financially.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While the notion of e-commerce as the ability of organisations or a person to sell over the Internet is very popular, the research paper will adopt the definition of Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). E-commerce can be defined as â€Å"the total of all applications that pertain to online communications and transaction (OECD, 2000).† The definition better suit our purpose of discussing e-commerce in the context of strategic management. The research views e-commerce holistically, which encompasses the communication between organisations and customer over the Internet, the completion of one-time or on-going online transactions, and e-CRM systems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The emergence of e-commerce in the retail sector is one of the most widely adopted and anticipated development in the industry. Following the success of Amazon, many brick-and-mortar retailers jumped into the dot com bandwagon and established their online presence in the World Wide Web. Many have adopted e-commerce capabilities out of a fear of falling behind competitors or as a result of the general momentum to expand the use of an existing Internet presence. Nonetheless, the main value proposition for organisations adopting an online presence is the prospect of increasing revenue from new markets and using a lower-cost, electronic-distribution channel (online International Engineering Forum).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With a strong demand from organisations in creating an online presence, internet service providers (ISPs) have begun to offer electronic-commerce hosting services. ISPs often position as a outsourced service provider of the customers’ electronic-commerce capabilities, managing the networking and server aspects of the initiatives. Such services are important consideration for the roll-out e-commerce sites as it allows organisations to leverage on the expertise of ISPs and allows organisations to concentrate on their core businesses (online International Engineering Forum).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the customer’s perspective, the main benefit of an e-commerce system is the convenience it brings to consumers, who are constrained by busy schedule and numerous activities. The e-commerce system enables a customer to locate and purchase a desired good or service over the Internet when the customer is ready to make the purchase. Its function is synonymous to a virtual store (online International Engineering Forum).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the merchant’s perspective, the e-commerce system enables the organisation to take advantage of the strengths of online store and increase revenues. One of the key benefits of implementing an online store is the capability to cover greater market reach and a complementary distribution channel to its existing brick-and-mortar stores. However, in order to effectively implement an e-commerce strategy, the e-commerce system must recreate or utilize existing data and business processes. The merchant must recreate the same shopping experience in its online store providing in-store assistance, secure payment process, catalogs and prices about the products and services, inventory management, and transaction capabilities (including credit authorization, tax computation, financial settlement, and shipping) (online International Engineering Forum).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, e-commerce not only allows merchants to take advantage of market reach, but it also enables merchants to redefine and enhance an enterprise’s brand strength, customer-service capability, and supply-chain efficiency. An e-commerce site is one of the areas of an enterprise infrastructure that is open to customers via the Web, but it is linked with other information system of the enterprise value chain (online International Engineering Forum).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In implementing an e-commerce site, provision of the basic system requires an Internet connection, a Web-application server and e-commerce application software, and a personal computer for the shopper. Figure 1 illustrates the basic economic drivers and application requirements of an e-commerce marketplace. On the buyers side, consumers are driven to the online retail store through advertisements, interesting features, needed information, and directory. On the sellers side, merchants are driven to the online space because of its ease of entry, increasing website traffic, ability to sell and integrate marketing messages (online International Engineering Forum). Figure 1. Business Drivers in e-commerce strategy E-Commerce Strategies and Business Drivers A number of initiatives implemented within an organisation are driven by a market need. All industries are characterized by trends and new developments that gradually or speedily produce changes important enough to require a strategic response from participating firms. The popular hypothesis about industries going through a life cycle helps explain industry changes but is still incomplete (Porter, 1980 p. 157-162). The life-cycle stages are strongly keyed to changes in the overall industry growth rate (which is why such terms as rapid growth, early maturity, saturation, and decline are used to describe the stages). Yet there are more causes of industry change than an industry’s position in the life cycle (Porter, 1980 p. 157-162). While it is important to judge what growth stage an industry is in, there’s more analytical value in identifying the specific factors causing fundamental industry and competitive adjustments. Industry and competitive conditions change because forces are in motion that create incentives and pressures for change (Porter, 1980 p. 162). The most dominant forces are called driving forces because they have the biggest influence on what kinds of changes will take place in the industry’s structure and competitive environment. The Internet and e-commerce opportunities are unquestionably spawning a sweeping business revolution that altered industry boundaries, opens up all kinds of new business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) market opportunities and threats, sparks competition from new and entirely different breed of enterprises and mandates fundamental changes in business practices (Thompson and Strickland 2001).   In his book The Business of E-Commerce: From Corporate Strategy to Technology, Paul May discusses four business drivers for adopting an e-commerce strategy. First, organisations have the compulsion to catch up with competitors or to gain competitive advantage by being early adopters of the new technology. Organisation’s constant pursuit to gain competitive edge in the marketplace is a primary concern and part of a survival component in the business strategy. Second, organisations need to develop a credible e-commerce channel from its current online portfolio. Third, organisations are constantly looking for ways to reduce cost and increase efficiency within its value chain. E-commerce can be a creative force in delivering reduced transaction cost, increased communication and coordination, and improve business processes. Fourth, e-commerce enables organisations to improve its value chain by creating strategic supplier partnership and delivering customized customer solutions. It allows organisations improve business’ infrastructural capabilities to play as an extended enterprise and not merely a single business entity delivering greater value to its customers (May, 2000). Each of these drivers can be harnessed as a propulsive force for the business, rather than a deflective or immobilizing one (May, 2000). Application areas of E-commerce Six key emerging application areas in electronic commerce can be identified. It can be organized into two important domains: business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-business (B2B). The application areas include categories in consumer retailing to real-time business-to-business collaboration (May, 2000).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retailers were the first adopters of the business-to-consumer e-commerce. Retailers found selling products and services online as a promising channel of distribution for its products and reaching new markets. Nonetheless, B2C e-commerce is now more diversified and classified into three application areas which include retail, auction, and advice (May, 2000). The three application areas of B2C e-commerce are retail, auctions, and advice. Although each has its own distinguishing characteristics, and dynamics, a consistent theme underlies the development of all three. This is the increasing â€Å"busy-ness† of consumer lifestyles: the extension from work life into private life of a culture of ever-decreasing time-frames and ever-increasing obligations. Lack of time and complexity of choice drive the growth of products and services in each of these areas (May, 2000). Business-to-consumer is a term that stresses the direction of delivery: B2C e-commerce is supposedly something done by business to consumers. Yet this domain is founded on intense customer focus. Insight into the conflicting desires and pressures affecting consumers is a powerful ally in building successful strategies in this highly competitive area (May, 2000). Business-to-business, on the other hand, is the umbrella term used to refer to transactions between businesses conducted online, and the business networks and supply chains that make these transactions possible. While B2B activity has always, taken place, the Internet brings with it a new framework, B2B companies no longer need to depend on the traditional one-to-one model for business transactions (Michel, 2003). Procurement, inventory exchange, and real-time collaboration are relatively obscure categories of application, which have the potential to flip many businesses inside-out. Procurement introduces process improvements in the buying functions of organisations and also points the way to a more competitive environment in inter-company trading. Inventory exchange introduces the mechanism of the market to smooth out supply and demand inefficiencies across entire value chain, potentially lowers transaction and carrying costs, and focuses on improving exchange of supplier information. Real-time collaboration allows organisations to cooperate as fluid colonies of actors, undermining the stability of companies who prefer hands-off relationships or who prefer their reality-checks to be presented monthly (May, 2000). e-Commerce application in Retail Industry Retailers are now increasingly adopting electronic commerce as another distribution means of selling products and services. Online channels have also proved increasingly popular amongst retail companies within other formats such as hypermarkets or catalog retailers, who have attempted to expand into the sector to escape from stale growth within their respective markets (Datamonitor 2006). Datamonitor estimates the global Internet retail sector valued at $656.4 billion in 2005, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 30.3% over the 2001-2005 period. The estimate is based on the total revenues generated through the sale of retail goods via online channels, valued at retail selling price, with any currency conversions calculated using constant 2005 annual average exchange rates (Datamonitor 2006). With the number of Internet users increasing exponentially year-on-year, the industry has experienced strong global growth within the global Internet retail sector. Much of the demand for online purchases is due to the escalating number of working mothers and time-starved consumers who are conveniently seeking ways of shopping without the hassle of driving to a retail store and falling in-line (Datamonitor 2006). At present, drugs and health beauty aids are the sector’s most lucrative segment in 2005, accounting for a total of $154 billion in total revenues or 23.5% of the retail sector’s total value. Computer, hardware, software, and supplies contributed significant revenues in 2005, generating $114.9 billion in revenues or 17.5% of the sector’s total value (Datamonitor, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While analyst do not see a similar spectacular growth in the global Internet retail industry, experts still is optimistic the pace of revenue expansion for the next four years. Industry experts project to the expansion of industry to remain strong valuing the industry at $1.169 trillion by 2010. This translates to 12.2% CAGR over the 2005-2010 period (Datamonitor, 2006).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In terms of revenues generated per region, Datamonitor reports that Europe has the largest market share in the global Internet retail sector with 44.4% of total value, followed by the United States and the Asia Pacific with 22.5% and 21.7% respectively (Datamonitor, 2006).

Sports in Tibet :: Buddhism Recreation Culture Papers

Sports in Tibet When one hears mention of Tibet certain things initially come to mind, most commonly images of an isolated, peaceful, extremely religious society. One of the last things one would imagine from such a seemingly docile people would be a history deeply entwined with athletic showmanship, yet this actually is the case. Unfortunately most historians overlook this pivotal piece of information when studying the Tibetans’ rich culture and consequently the casual scholar rarely sees this side of the Tibetan people. One of the factors that may have influenced this attitude towards Tibetan sports is that the Dalai Lama has in fact previously banned certain sports citing various religious reasons. This may lead people to believe that the Dalai Lama and Tibetan Buddhism, in principal, are against all sport, although in reality many of the Dalai Lamas have been quite the opposite. The banning of certain sports was mainly due to the fear of outside influence corrupting Tibet as o pposed to actual problems with the sports themselves. Tibetans have a strong historical bond with sport and use religion as an excuse to expel foreign authority. Sports have played an integral role in defining the culture of Tibet. They are commonplace at the various religious festivals throughout the year. Oftentimes entire religious festivals are based around traditional athletic sporting events. Sir Charles Bell, an English diplomat who was an intimate of the thirteenth Dalai Lama, witnessed one of these annual festivals noting that, During the concluding days of the ‘Great Prayer’ there were sports of various kinds, gun-firing and arrow-shooting on galloping ponies, a pony race without riders, a foot-race over a 6-mile course, wrestling, and the carrying of a heavy weight. These sports are presided over by two masters of ceremonies, who are chosen from the youngest officials just beginning their career. They are attended by a large staff, including six Maids of Honour chosen from the ladies of Lhasa.[1] Heinrich Harrer, another westerner who found himself immersed in Tibetan culture, witnessed a similar annual festival, this one taking place during the Tibetan New Year.[2] Both of these festivals show the deep connection between religious activities and athletic events. The sporting events not only take place during religiously significant festivals but they are presided over by monks and other religious figures. Sports in Tibet :: Buddhism Recreation Culture Papers Sports in Tibet When one hears mention of Tibet certain things initially come to mind, most commonly images of an isolated, peaceful, extremely religious society. One of the last things one would imagine from such a seemingly docile people would be a history deeply entwined with athletic showmanship, yet this actually is the case. Unfortunately most historians overlook this pivotal piece of information when studying the Tibetans’ rich culture and consequently the casual scholar rarely sees this side of the Tibetan people. One of the factors that may have influenced this attitude towards Tibetan sports is that the Dalai Lama has in fact previously banned certain sports citing various religious reasons. This may lead people to believe that the Dalai Lama and Tibetan Buddhism, in principal, are against all sport, although in reality many of the Dalai Lamas have been quite the opposite. The banning of certain sports was mainly due to the fear of outside influence corrupting Tibet as o pposed to actual problems with the sports themselves. Tibetans have a strong historical bond with sport and use religion as an excuse to expel foreign authority. Sports have played an integral role in defining the culture of Tibet. They are commonplace at the various religious festivals throughout the year. Oftentimes entire religious festivals are based around traditional athletic sporting events. Sir Charles Bell, an English diplomat who was an intimate of the thirteenth Dalai Lama, witnessed one of these annual festivals noting that, During the concluding days of the ‘Great Prayer’ there were sports of various kinds, gun-firing and arrow-shooting on galloping ponies, a pony race without riders, a foot-race over a 6-mile course, wrestling, and the carrying of a heavy weight. These sports are presided over by two masters of ceremonies, who are chosen from the youngest officials just beginning their career. They are attended by a large staff, including six Maids of Honour chosen from the ladies of Lhasa.[1] Heinrich Harrer, another westerner who found himself immersed in Tibetan culture, witnessed a similar annual festival, this one taking place during the Tibetan New Year.[2] Both of these festivals show the deep connection between religious activities and athletic events. The sporting events not only take place during religiously significant festivals but they are presided over by monks and other religious figures.